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Italian Wars of Independence
The Italian Wars of Independence were fought from 1848 to
1861.
In detail:
First Italian War
of Independence 1848 - 1849
Also called Italian Revolution of 1848 - 1849
The
Risorgimento,
King Charles Albert, aka Carlo
Alberto of Sardinia-Piedmont, and other supporters of Italian liberation and
unification wanted the Austrians out of Italy.
About the House of Savoy
First Battle
of Custoza - July 24, 1848
Battle of Novara
- March 23, 1849
Second Italian War
of Independence 1859 - 1861
Also called
The War of 1859 or the
Franco-Piedmontese-Austrian
War
In January 1859, France, led by
Emperor Napoleon III, allied
with Piedmont, led by King Victor Emmanuel
II, against Austria, led by
Emperor Francis Joseph.
Austria declared war on Piedmont on
April 26, 1859, and France came to the rescue as promised.
Major battles in June 1859:
Battle of Magenta - June
4, 1859. Allied victory
Battle of Solferino -
June 24, 1859. Allied victory
On July 11, 1859, Napoleon III and
Francis Joseph agreed on a peace treaty at the
Conference of Villafranca. This,
Napoleon did without consulting his allies.
Villafranca, by the way, is located 10
miles or 16 kilometers southwest of Verona in northeastern Italy.
What was agreed upon?
Austria gave Lombardy to France.
France in turn gave it to Piedmont. Negotiations also were made
regarding Modena and Tuscany.
This treaty became official and its
agreements known
as the Treaty of
Zurich, November 10, 1859.
See also
Giuseppe Garibaldi and
Giuseppe Mazzini.
Here are the maps:
1815-1870
Italy
1815 Italy
1861 Italy
See also
Governments of Italy.
More History
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