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The Life of Flavius Josephus -
Autobiography
Page 04 — Chapter 18-25
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18. But before I had spoken all I
designed, I heard one of my own
domestics bidding me come down, for that it was not a proper time
to take care of retaining the good-will of the people of
Tiberias, but to provide for my own safety, and escape my enemies
there; for John had chosen the most trusty of those armed men
that were about him out of those thousand that he had with him,
and had given them orders when he sent them, to kill me, having
learned that I was alone, excepting some of my domestics. So
those that were sent came as they were ordered, and they had
executed what they came about, had I not leaped down from the
elevation I stood on, and with one of my guards, whose name was
James, been carried [out of the crowd] upon the back of one Herod
of Tiberias, and guided by him down to the lake, where I seized a
ship, and got into it, and escaped my enemies unexpectedly, and
came to Tarichese.
19. Now, as soon as the inhabitants of that city understood the
perfidiousness of the people of Tiberias, they were greatly
provoked at them. So they snatched up their arms, and desired me
to be their leader against them; for they said they would avenge
their commander's cause upon them. They also carried the report
of what had been done to me to all the Galileans, and eagerly
endeavored to irritate them against the people of Tiberias, and
desired that vast numbers of them would get together, and come to
them, that they might act in concert with their commander, what
should be determined as fit to be done. Accordingly, the
Galileans came to me in great numbers, from all parts, with their
weapons, and besought me to assault Tiberias, to take it by
force, and to demolish it, till it lay even with the ground, and
then to make slaves of its inhabitants, with their wives and
children.
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Those that were Josephus's friends also, and had escaped out of Tiberias, gave him the same advice. But I did not
comply with them, thinking it a terrible thing to begin a civil
war among them; for I thought that this contention ought not to
proceed further than words; nay, I told them that it was not for
their own advantage to do what they would have me to do, while
the Romans expected no other than that we should destroy one
another by our mutual seditions. And by saying this, I put a stop
to the anger of the Galileans.
20. But now John was afraid for himself, since his treachery had
proved unsuccessful. So he took the armed men that were about
him, and removed from Tiberias to Gischala, and wrote to me to
apologize for himself concerning What had been done, as if it had
been done without his approbation, and desired me to have no
suspicion of him to his disadvantage. He also added oaths and
certain horrible curses upon himself, and supposed he should be
thereby believed in the points he wrote about to me.
21. But now another great number of the Galileans came together
again with their weapons, as knowing the man, how wicked and how
sadly perjured he was, and desired me to lead them against him
and promised me that they would utterly both him and Gischala.
Hereupon I professed that I was obliged to them for their
readiness to serve me, and that I would more than requite their
good-will to me. However, I entreated them to restrain
themselves, and begged of them to give me leave to do what I
intended, which was to put an end to these troubles without
bloodshed; and when I had prevailed with the multitude of the
Galileans to let me do so, I came to Sepphoris.
22. But the inhabitants of this city having determined to
continue in their allegiance to the Romans, were afraid of my
coming to them, and tried, by putting me upon another action, to
divert me, that they might be freed from the terror they were in.
Accordingly, they sent to Jesus, the captain of those robbers who
were in the confines of Ptolemais, and promised to give him a
great deal of money, if he would come with those forces he had
with him, which were in number eight hundred, and fight with us.
Accordingly, he complied with what they desired, upon the
promises they had made him, and was desirous to fall upon us when
we were unprepared for him, and knew nothing of his coming
beforehand. So he sent to me, and desired that I would give him
leave to come and salute me. When I had given him that leave,
which I did without the least knowledge of his treacherous
intentions beforehand, he took his band of robbers, and made
haste to come to me. Yet did not this his knavery succeed well at
last; for as he was already nearly approaching, one of those with
him deserted him, and came to me, and told me what he had
undertaken to do. When I was informed of this, I went into the
market-place, and pretended to know nothing of his treacherous
purpose. I took with me many Galileans that were armed, as also
some of those of Tiberias; and, when I had given orders that all
the roads should be carefully guarded, I charged the keepers of
the gates to give admittance to none but Jesus, when he came,
with the principal of his men, and to exclude the rest; and in
case they aimed to force themselves in, to use stripes [in order
to repel them]. Accordingly, those that had received such a
charge did as they were bidden, and Jesus came in with a few
others; and when I had ordered him to throw down his arms
immediately, and told him, that if he refused so to do, he was a
dead man, he seeing armed men standing all round about him, was
terrified, and complied; and as for those of his followers that
were excluded, when they were informed that he was seized, they
ran away. I then called Jesus to me by himself, and told him,
that" I was not a stranger to that treacherous design he had
against me, nor was I ignorant by whom he was sent for; that,
however, I would forgive him what he had done already, if he
would repent of it, and be faithful to me hereafter." And thus,
upon his promise to do all that I desired, I let him go, and gave
him leave to get those whom he had formerly had with him together
again. But I threatened the inhabitants of Sepphoris, that, if
they would not leave off their ungrateful treatment of me, I
would punish them sufficiently.
23. At this time it was that two great men, who were under the
jurisdiction of the king [Agrippa] came to me out of the region
of Trachonius, bringing their horses and their arms, and carrying
with them their money also; and when the Jews would force them to
be circumcised, if they would stay among them, I would not permit
them to have any force put upon them, (11) but said to them,
"Every one ought to worship God according to his own
inclinations, and not to be constrained by force; and that these
men, who had fled to us for protection, ought not to be so
treated as to repent of their coming hither." And when I had
pacified the multitude, I provided for the men that were come to
us whatsoever it was they wanted, according to their usual way of
living, and that in great plenty also.
24. Now king Agrippa sent an army to make themselves masters of
the citadel of Gamala, and over it Equieulus Modius; but the
forces that were sent were not allow to encompass the citadel
quite round, but lay before it in the open places, and besieged
it. But when Ebutius the decurion, who was intrusted with the
government of the great plain, heard that I was at Simonias, a
village situated in the confines of Galilee, and was distant from
him sixty furlongs, he took a hundred horsemen that were with him
by night, and a certain number of footmen, about two hundred, and
brought the inhabitants of the city Gibea along with him as
auxiliaries, and marched in the night, and came to the village
where I abode. Upon this I pitched my camp over against him,
which had a great number of forces in it: but Ebutius tried to
draw us down into the plain, as greatly depending upon his
horsemen; but we would not come down; for when I was satisfied of
the advantage that his horse would have if we came down into the
plain, while we were all footmen, I resolved to join battle with
the enemy where I was. Now Ebutius and his party made a
courageous opposition for some time; but when he saw that his
horse were useless to him in that place, he retired back to the
city Gibea, having lost three of his men in the fight. So I
followed him directy with two thousand armed men; and when I was
at the city Besara, that lay in the confines of Ptolemais, but
twenty furlongs from Gibea, where Ebutius abode, I placed my
armed men on the outside of the village, and gave orders that
they should guard the passes with great care, that the enemy
might not disturb us until we should have carried off the corn, a
great quantity of which lay there: it belonged to Bernice the
queen, and had been gathered together out of the neighboring
villages into Besara; so I loaded my camels and asses, a great
number of which I had brought along with me, and sent the corn
into Galilee. When I had done this, I offered Ebutius battle; but
when he would not accept of the offer, for he was terrified at
our readiness and courage, I altered my route, and marched
towards Neopolitanus, because I had heard that the country about
Tiberias was laid waste by him. This Neopolitanus was captain of
a troop of horse, and had the custody of Scythopolis intrusted to
his care by the enemy; and when I had hindered him from doing any
further mischief to Tiberias, I set myself to make provision for
the affairs of Galilee.
25. But when John, the son of Levi, who, as we before told you,
abode at Gischala, was informed how all things had succeeded to
my mind, and that I was much in favor with those that were under
me, as also that the enemy were greatly afraid of me, he was not
pleased with it, as thinking my prosperity tended to his ruin. So
he took up a bitter envy and enmity against me; and hoping, that
if he could inflame those that were under me to hate me,. he
should put an end to the prosperity I was in, he tried to
persuade the inhabitants of Tiberias and of Sepphoris, (and for
those of Gabara he supposed they would be also of the same mind
with the others,) which were the greatest cities of Galilee, to
revolt from their subjection to me, and to be of his party; and
told them that he would command them better than I did. As for
the people of Sepphoris, who belonged to neither of us, because
they had chosen to be in subjection to the Romans, they did not
comply with his proposal; and for those of Tiberias, they did not
indeed so far comply as to make a revolt from under me, but they
agreed to be his friends, while the inhabitants of Gabara did go
over to John; and it was Simon that persuaded them so to do, one
who was both the principal man in the city, and a particular
friend and companion of John. It is true, these did not openly
own the making a revolt, because they were in great fear of the
Galileans, and had frequent experience of the good-will they bore
to me; yet did they privately watch for a proper opportunity to
lay snares for me; and indeed I thereby came into the greatest
danger, on the occasion following.
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