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Charles I 1600-1649
With a solid Scottish accent, Charles I ruled as king of Great Britain
and Ireland from 1625 - 1649.
All in all, he lived from 1600 until he
was beheaded in 1649. It was the first and only time in British
history that a king was put on trial for treason. Which made the
trial a bit tricky because the accusers couldn't refer to any laws
that would apply for this kind of affair.
Charles was fully aware of this fact and
refused to answer to any of the charges made against him. Law or no
law, Charles was sentenced to death.
And, for those who care:
His execution garter was sold in an auction for 4,400 British Pounds.
The Family of Charles
I
Charles was a Stuart. Here is more on
the
Stuart Dynasty.
Charles' father was
James VI of Scotland who became
King James I of England. His mother
was Anne of Denmark.
Charles' siblings were
Henry and
Elizabeth.
Charles had a wife,
Henrietta Maria.
Henrietta Maria was the sister of French
King Louis XIII.
Charles and Henrietta Maria's children
were
Charles II,
James II, and
Mary, who
became the mother of
William of Orange.
The Battles and Wars
of Charles I
Charles underestimated the Scots when he attempted to tell them how
to worship. The Scots marched into Northumberland and Durham and
Charles had to give in. These events took place during the years
1639 and 1640 and became known as the
Bishops' Wars.
Charles couldn't agree with Parliament
either and the
English Civil Wars
followed from 1642 - 1651.
The English Civil War was fought between
Royalists and Parliamentarians. Historians divide it into the
First Civil War, 1642 - 1646, and the
Second Civil War,
1647 - 1648. The Third Civil War, 1650 - 1651, was not so
interesting for Charles anymore because he was dead by then.
What was the outcome of the English
Civil War?
As far as
Charles I was concerned, he was convicted of high treason. On
January 30, 1649, he was brought on a scaffold outside the
Banqueting House in Whitehall. He gave his
Execution Speech and was beheaded with an ax.
Brief Biography of
Charles I
1600, November 19 Birth at Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland
1612 Charles' older brother Henry dies
1616 Becomes Prince of Wales
1623 Trip to Spain
1625 Becomes King of England, Scotland, and Ireland
1628 Assassination of
George Villiers, 1st duke of Buckingham
1639 - 1640 Bishops' Wars
1642 - 1651 English Civil Wars
1649, January 19 - Charles was brought from Windsor Castle to St
James's Palace.
1649, January 20 - Charles was brought into Westminster Hall for his
trial
1649, January 30 Execution in London on the balcony of the
Banqueting House, Whitehall.
Here is the
timeline
for Charles I.
See also
Governments of Great Britain.
1636
England Wales Ship Money
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