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Francisco I. Madero 1873 - 1913
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Francisco Ignacio Madero was the president of Mexico from
1911 - 1913.
Originally, Francisco Madero was a
landowner in northern Mexico.
Madero decided to give it a go at the presidential elections of
1910.
But president
 Porfirio Díaz won instead, as
dictators do. Next thing Madero knew, he found himself in jail in
San Luis Potosí. |
Madero managed to escape to San Antonio,
Texas, United States, disguised as a railway worker.
While in the States, Madero wrote his
manifesto, the
Plan of San Luis Potosí. Madero declared
a revolution was necessary and surrounded himself with armed men who
shared this opinion. The entire outfit came back into Mexico
and was ready to rumble.
In Mexico, many unhappy peasants, aka potential guerrillas,
agreed with the Plan of San Luis Potosí, among them
Ambrosio Figueroa,
Pancho Villa and
Emiliano Zapata. They
joined forces and it worked — a revolution was launched.
Dictator Diaz resigned on May 25, 1911.
Francisco Madero
Madero managed to sit down on the presidential
chair, but it was a hot seat. General
Victoriano Huerta fancied it
plenty and had Madero thrown in jail.
What went wrong?
Madero was politically a moderate. His
policy of "fairness and honesty" would have worked in a perfect
world but the dirty chaos of the Mexican Revolution favored the
less scrupulous.
Madero was assassinated by Huerta's men in Mexico City
on February 22, 1913. The official version was that he was shot
while trying to escape.
Here is
Harold Gordon as Francisco Madero at that very
moment in the brilliant 1952 movie
Viva
Zapata!
Harold Gordon as
Francisco Madero
Viva Zapata! 1953
20th Century Fox
And back to the real Madero:
FRANCISCO MADERO (SEATED)
THE PLAN OF SAN LUIS
POTOSI
In his
Plan of San Luis Potosí,
Madero declared the 1910 elections void. He also declared himself
provisional president until free elections could be held.
Last but not least, Madero sets Sunday,
November 20, 1910, 6 PM, as the date and hour when the revolution
should begin.
The Plan of San Luis Potosí was
Madero's manifesto. It was named after the Mexican town
in which he was thrown into jail by the Diaz regime and from which Madero had escaped
and had fled direction San Antonio, Texas.
The publication was backdated to October
5, 1910, the last full day Madero had spent in Mexico, in order to
avoid accusations that the U.S. encouraged a Mexican rebellion. The
document was issued from San Antonio, Texas.
Here
is the original Spanish transcript of the Plan of San Luis Potosi.
FRANCISCO MADERO'S
FAMILY
Francisco Madero's father was
Francisco Madero Hernández.
Francisco Madero's mother was
Mercedes González Treviño.
Francisco Madero was his parents'
first child. Here is his birth certificate:
Francisco Madero Birth Certificate
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS
HISTÓRICOS DE LAS REVOLUCIONES DE MÉXICO
Click image to enlarge
Francisco Madero had 15 siblings:
1. Francisco Ignacio Madero
2. Gustavo Adolfo Madero
3. Mercedes Madero
4. Magdalena Madero
5. Alfonso Madero
6. Emilio Madero
7. Rafaela Madero
8. Raúl Madero
(died in childhood)
9. Gabriel Madero
10. Julio Madero
11. Angela Madero
12. Raúl Madero
13. Evaristo Madero
14. Maria Luisa Madero
(died in childhood)
15. Ramiro Madero
(died in childhood)
16. Carlos Benjamin Madero
The Maderos:
Gustavo, Francisco Sr. and Francisco Jr.
Francisco Madero's wife was
Sara Pérez.
FRANCISCO I. MADERO AND HIS
WIFE SARA PEREZ
FRANCISCO MADERO'S
SHORT BIOGRAPHY
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October 30, 1873 |
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Birth of
Francisco Ygnacio Madero in Parras de la Fuente,
Coahuila, Mexico |
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1886 - 1888 |
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Studies acriculture at Mount St. Mary's
College, Emmitsburg, Maryland |
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Studies business management at HEC (Hautes
Études Commerciales) Jouy-en-Josas, near París |
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Studies one semester at the University of
California at Berkeley |
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1903 |
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Marries Sara Pérez |
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1904 - 1905 |
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Helped organize the Benito Juárez
Democratic Club and a political party in Coahuila
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1908 |
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Publishes La sucesión presidencial en
1910 |
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1909 |
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Founder of the Partido Nacional
Antirreeleccionista, challenging Diaz as
presidential candidate |
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1910 |
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Imprisoned at San Luis Potosí
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October 6, 1910 |
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Escapes from prison and flees to Texas,
US |
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November 6, 1911 -
February 19, 1913 |
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President of Mexico |
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February 22, 1913 |
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Death in Mexico City |
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FRANCISCO I. MADERO |
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FRANCISCO I. MADERO |
And here are the maps
Map
of Morelos State, Mexico
Click to enlarge
Map
of Mexico and the State Morelos
Click to enlarge
MEXICAN
REVOLUTION
Click map to enlarge
MORE INFO RELATED TO
FRANCISCO
MADERO
See also:
Mexican Governments
Pancho Villa
Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution Timeline
Emiliano Zapata
Porfirio Diaz
Venustiano Carranza
Victoriano Huerta
Francisco Leon de la Barra
Pascual Orozco
Francisco I. Madero
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