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French
Revolutionary Wars Timeline:
1798
Go here for the
French Revolutionary Wars
in a Nutshell.
January 12, 1798
As a deputy of the
Conseil de Cinq Cent, or
Council of Five Hundred,
Jean Baptiste Jourdan proposes
a law for compulsory military service. It will be trimmed a bit and
then adopted on
September 5, 1798, as the
Jourdan-Delbrel
Law.
January 27, 1798
The French invade Switzerland.
February 10, 1798
The French enter Rome.
February
15, 1798
Abolition of the Papal government.
In its stead, the French declare the
Roman Republic.
French troops had entered the city on February 10, 1798. They will stay in Rome until 1799, with a short break from November
29 to December 15, 1798.
March 1, 1798
The Congress of Rastadt acknowledges the Rhine River as the boundary
of the French Republic.
March 5, 1798
The
Directory gives Bonaparte
permission to carry out his Egyptian expedition.
The French take Bern (Berne) in
Switzerland.
March 8, 1798
Creation of the
Army of Helvetia (Armée d'Helvétie).
Commander: Guillaume Marie-Anne Brune.
March 14, 1798
Schawenbourg is the new
commander of the
Army of Helvetia. His post is
temporary.
March 27, 1798
The French arrest
Pope Pius VI and take him to
France. He won't return.
March 29, 1798
The
Helvetic Republic is
established.
May 9, 1798
Bonaparte arrives at Toulon to
take command of his Egyptian expedition.
May 10, 1798
Bonaparte preps his troops for
Egypt.
Here you can
read what he said.
May 11, 1798
Coup d'état of 22 Floréal,
year VI. The Directory invalidates half of all elections
by declaring elections in 29 departments null and void, to eliminate the Jacobins.
May 19, 1798
Bonaparte's Egyptian expedition
sets sail and leaves Toulon. The
Egyptian
Campaign has begun.
Meanwhile on May 19, 1798, at Vienna:
Austria and Naples sign a treaty of alliance.
May 23, 1798
The Irish Rebellion breaks out. It will end on September 8, 1798.
June 10, 1798
On his way to Egypt,
Bonaparte makes a pit stop and
takes Malta, home of the Hospitallers, aka the Knights of Malta. This will outrage Russia's
Paul I, and will serve him as
one of the reasons to join the
Second
Coalition against France.
June 21, 1798
U.S. President Adams is
disgusted by the
XYZ Affair and states that he
will "never send another minister to France without assurances that
he will be received, respected, and honored as the representative of
a great, free, powerful, and independent nation."
July 1, 1798
The French land in Egypt and take Alexandria.
July 7, 1798
Provoked by the
XYZ Affair, the
United States repeal their 1778 Treaty of Alliance with France.
Diplomatic relations will be patched up on September 30, 1800.
In the meantime, the two nations will
fight an undeclared war at sea, also called the
Quasi-War.
July 19, 1798
The French
decree to implement their republican calendar in the
four conquered départements of the Rhineland.
These lands will switch
back to the Gregorian Calendar on January 1, 1806.
July 21, 1798
Battle of the Pyramids.
French victory. This battle is part of Napoleon's
Egyptian Campaign.
August 1, 1798
Battle of the Nile.
The
British, led by
Admiral Horatio Nelson, book a victory over the French
at Aboukir Bay (Abu Qir Bay). This battle is part of
the
Egyptian
Campaign. Unofficially, by losing this battle, the
French have lost their Egyptian Campaign.
August 22, 1798
Napoleon manages to get his hide out of
Egypt.
September 5, 1798
The
Jourdan-Delbrel Law
makes military conscription permanently mandatory for all French men between 20 and
25 years of age.
September 8, 1798
The Irish Rebellion ends. It had begun on
May 23, 1798.
September 11, 1798
The
Ottoman Empire,
headed by Sultan Selim III,
declares war on France. Subsequently, Russia and the
Ottoman Empire expel French garrisons from the Ionian islands.
November 1798
The British take Menorca (Minorca) from
Spain, after Spain had dropped out of the First Coalition in August
1796. The island of Menorca will be returned to Spain in 1802.
November 1, 1798
Jourdan
is the new commander of the
Army of Mayence (Mainz).
November 5, 1798
The
Army of Helvetia is transferred
under the supreme command of
Jourdan,
currently commander of the Army of Mayence (Mainz).
The War of the Second Coalition
begins.
November 29, 1798
Treaty of alliance between Russia and the
Two Sicilies signed at Saint Petersburg.
Also on November 29, 1798:
The army of Naples, led by
Karl Mack, invades Rome where
the French had installed their
Roman Republic.
This
marks the beginning of the
War of the Second Coalition.
December 1, 1798
Britain and the the Two Sicilies sign a
treaty of alliance at Naples.
December 4, 1798
Battle of Civita Castellana
between the French, led by General Jacques
Macdonald, and the Neapolitans. France wins this battle.
December 14, 1798
Capture of the British frigate HMS
Ambuscade by the French corvette La Bayonnaise.
December 15, 1798
The French return to Rome. The Neapolitans
get out in a hurry and the French give chase.
December 25, 1798
Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign a treaty
of alliance at Constantinople.
December 27, 1798
Russia and Portugal sign a treaty of
alliance.
December 29, 1798
Russia and Britain sign a treaty of alliance
at Saint Petersburg, in order
"to oppose the
successes of the French arms, and the
extension of the principles of anarchy, and
to bring about a solid peace, together with
the re-establishment of the balance of
Europe, have judged it worthy their most
serious consideration and earnest solicitude
to endeavor, if possible, to reduce France
within its former limits, as they subsisted
before the revolution."
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